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日本称中国海军扩张令人忧虑

2011年8月2日

日本内阁周二通过2011年度《防卫白皮书》。其中对中国在南海和太平洋的态度日渐强硬以及海军影响范围扩张表示忧虑。与此同时,日本也提及中国军费的不透明问题。

https://p.dw.com/p/129Sw
A natural gas field under development by China in waters along the sea border in the East China Sea separating China's eastern coast and Japan's southern island chain of Okinawa is seen in this photo taken in 2004. China and Japan's competing claims to natural gas and oil deposits under the East China Sea have thrown fuel on relations already ablaze over how to remember Japan's brutal colonization of China in the last century. But some in Japan feel the dispute may offer a way for the Asian powers to repair their badly frayed relationship _ if only they could do the sensible thing and develop the gas fields together. "Standard oil and gas industry practice is to talk things over and determine the most efficient way to go about developing disputed fields," Koichi Shimomura, a spokesman for Japan Petroleum Exploration Co, said Friday, April 15, 2005. (AP Photo/Kyodo News) **JAPAN OUT NO SALES CREDIT MANDATORY**
日中东海油气田存在争议图像来源: AP/Kyodo News

据法新社报道,日本首相菅直人内阁批准的《防卫白皮书》使用了可译作"强横"或者"强硬"一词,形容中国在处理与日本等邻国利益冲突时的立场。这份报告称,在此背景下,中国未来的方向令人忧虑。中国与日本、越南、菲律宾等东南亚国家存在岛屿归属争议。过去一年,岛屿争议再度升级。日本时事通讯社报道称,日本防卫大臣北泽俊美向记者表示,报告使用了英文可译作assertive一词,相信整个国际社会可能都是这样看待中国的。北泽俊美表示,日本以此表达的是,希望中国通过友好的关系来解决这些争议。

中国海军活动常态化 日本增加潜艇数量

日本《防卫白皮书》写道,由于近年来中国海军和空军的现代化革新,其影响范围可能超过临近海域。预计中国会继续扩大活动范围,在日本周围海域,包括东海、太平洋和南海,使海军活动常态化。

Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force crew work near its submarine with a backdrop of a fleet of ships, part of USS Kitty Hawk's battle group, at the Yokosuka Naval Base in Yokosuka, south of Tokyo, Monday, Oct. 9, 2006. A successful nuclear test by North Korea could trigger a decisive shift in Asia's diplomatic and military alignment, hardening China and South Korea's approach toward Pyongyang, speeding Japan's drive toward a tougher military stance and cementing the heavy U.S. presence in the region. Such a test _ which North Korea claimed on Monday _ would be Pyongyang's first public demonstration of its possession of a nuclear weapon, carrying a powerful psychological punch in a region that is still struggling to emerge from the divisions of World War II and the Cold War. (AP Photo/Shuji Kajiyama)
日本增加潜艇数量图像来源: AP

在东海与中国存在领土争议的日本,计划增加潜艇数量,从现有的16艘增加至22艘。专家分析认为,这主要是对中国航母计划的回应。就在一周前,北京宣布正在改造一艘前苏联废旧航母。而路透社援引不具名来源报道称,中国正在建造两艘自己的航母。

中国国防政策与军事动向不透明

日本《防卫白皮书》还写道,中国军费不透明,中国公开宣布的国防预算"被广泛认为只是北京用于军事目的开支的一部分。"报告中说,中国国防政策和军事动向的不透明令日本在内的区域和国际社会忧虑,"我们必须予以仔细分析"。

报告称,过去5年,中国军费预算上升了近70%,而日本由于受到国债束缚--日本国债是5万亿美元GDP的两倍,同期军费预算下滑了3%。不过,中国反复强调,其军事现代化纯粹是出于防御目的,并指出其军费远远低于美国。

In this photo released by Ullung Country Office, sea birds buzz around near disputed Dokdo Islands that floats in the Sea of Japan on Tuesday, March 1, 2005. Some 200 residents from a nearby island left Tuesday to Dokdo Islands for a ceremony to celebrate the March First Independence Movement day, which commemorates a nationwide uprising in 1919 that began Korea's long struggle for independence from Japan. The volcanic islets, known as Dokdo in Korea and Takeshima in Japan, have been a source of diplomatic friction with Tokyo for years. (AP Photo/Ullung Country Office, HO)
韩国称独岛,日本称竹岛图像来源: AP

独岛争议升级、警告网络攻击

日本《防卫白皮书》也再次重申对与中国、俄罗斯和韩国存在争议的岛屿拥有主权。韩国与日本就独岛(日本称竹岛)的争议本周再次升级。三名日本在野党议员计划访问附近岛屿,被韩国拒发签证。周二,日本防卫报告公布后,韩国即对其中称日本对竹岛拥有主权表示强烈抗议,要求立即予以纠正。

这份报告还呼吁对网络攻击提高警惕,提及国际货币基金组织、美国中央情报局以及洛克希德·马丁等军火商近期遭受网络袭击的事件。

指责朝鲜,称赞日美军事同盟

报告同时指责朝鲜的核弹和弹道导弹研发计划,对东北亚和国际社会构成威胁,永远不能姑息容忍。

白皮书称赞已维持半个世纪的日美防御同盟,称这是亚太地区和平稳定不可替代的基石。

目前,日本自卫队总人数约为23万,是中国军队人数的十分之一。日本自卫队拥有先进的战斗机和海军舰只。

来源:法新社、路透社 编译:苗子

责编:李鱼