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金正恩欲推動經濟改革?

2012年7月20日

北韓據傳將進一步削弱軍方權力,取消軍隊對從屬企業的領導權。外界猜測,北韓將對多年來奉行的「先軍政治」進行改革。

https://p.dw.com/p/15cHs
South Koreans watch a TV reporting on North Korean leader Kim Jong Un, at a railway station in Seoul, South Korea, Wednesday, July 18, 2012. North Korean leader Kim Jong Un has been granted the title of marshal, state media reported Wednesday, cementing his status as the authoritarian nation's top military official as he makes key changes to the million-man force. The headline reads "North Korea says its leader Kim was given marshal title," (Foto:Ahn Young-joon/AP/dapd)
Nordkorea Kim Jong-un圖片來源: AP

(德國之聲中文網)在對軍隊高層進行了一系列的人事變動後,北韓新領導人金正恩似乎正要推動北韓數十年來最全面的一次經濟改革。據北韓內部人士透露,金正恩以及其姑父張成澤將取消軍方對軍隊附屬企業的領導權。路透社報導稱,這些原先附屬於軍隊的企業,今後將由勞動黨及政府機關任命的專門委員會管理。知情人士透露,前總參謀長李英浩正是因為反對此項削弱軍方地位的改革,而遭金正恩解職。

該知情人士還稱,從前,經濟的主導權掌握在軍方手中,政府很難插手;改革後,政府中的新機構"政治局"以及勞動黨內的一個委員會將接管原先軍方的經濟權力。據悉,這一系列措施都以中國此前的改革作為參照。

North Korea's top nuclear negotiator Ri Yong Ho talks to reporters after his meeting with his South Korea counterpart Wi Sung-lac in Nusa Dua, Bali, Indonesia, Friday, July 22, 2011. Ri met face-to-face with his South Korean counterpart, Wi on the sidelines of Asia's largest security forum Friday. Yonhap news agency has quoted North Korea's top nuclear envoy as saying the two Koreas have agreed to work together to resume stalled disarmament talks. (AP Photo/Firdia Lisnawati)
被解職的李英浩圖片來源: AP

姑父張成澤 幕後攬大權

先前,金正日在位時,北韓奉行的是"先軍政治",120萬軍人擁有比其他社會階層更高的地位。李英浩便是"先軍政治"的堅定支持者。

北韓知情人士此番透露的訊息,讓外界些許瞭解到北韓當前的經濟狀況及內部權斗。路透社特別指出,該知情人士透露的訊息一般都比較可靠,他在2006年曾準確預告了北韓即將進行核試驗。

就在本周,已經大權在握的金正恩還被授予元帥軍銜。而李英浩被解職後,還不清楚究竟有多少下屬受到牽連。韓國政府估計,在金正恩上台後,已經有約20名高級軍官被解職。

In this photo released by the Korean Central News Agency (KCNA) and distributed in Tokyo by the Korea News Service on Monday, July 9, 2012, Mickey and Minnie have a chat on left as North Korea's new Moranbong band performs in Pyongyang, North Korea, Friday, July 6, 2012. Mickey Mouse and Winnie the Pooh took the stage for new leader Kim Jong Un, in an unusual performance featuring Disney characters in North Korea. (AP Photo/Korean Central News Agency via Korea News Service) JAPAN OUT UNTIL 14 DAYS AFTER THE DAY OF TRANSMISSION
金正恩觀看迪士尼表演圖片來源: dapd

在金正恩領導下,北韓政治經濟已經出現了一些鬆動跡象。官方電視台播出了金正恩參觀展覽、甚至欣賞流行音樂演唱會的畫面。而金正恩的姑父張成澤長期以來也被認為是堅定的改革派;目前,外界猜測,張成澤才是實際上攬括大權的幕後人物。

來源:路透社 編譯:文山

責編:石濤