Yaya aka yi Borno ta zama tungar 'yan ta'adda?

'Yan ta'addar kungiyar Boko Haram na ci gaba da aikata mummunar ta'asa a Najeriya musamman a jihar Borno da ke arewa maso gabashin kasar. Ko a ranar Litinin ma mayakan kungiyar Boko Haram sun kashe mutane da yawa a wani kauyen jihar Borno. A kiyasin kungiyar kare hakin dan Adam ta Human Rights Watch fiye da mutane 2000 akasari a jihar Borno da ke zama tungar Boko Haram, suka kwanta dama sakamakon ayyukan ta'addancin 'yan Islama a watanni shidan farko na wannan shekara. Tun bayan kafa dokar ta baci a jihohin Borno da Yobe da kuma Adamawa a watan Mayun shekarar 2013, an tsaurara matakan tsaro, matakan kuma da suka kai ga fatattakan 'yan ta'addar zuwa cikin kasar Kamaru.

Yankin tsaunuka mai wahalar shiga

Gerhard Müller-Kosack Bajamushe ne masanin zamantakewar al'ummomi da kuma dangantaka tsakaninsu da ke a kasar Ingila, ya kwashe shekaru masu yawa yana aikin bincike a yankin tsauni tsakanin garin Gwoza na Najeriya da Mora da ke Kamaru. Ya ce tun a shekarun 1960 addinin Kirista ya shiga yankin amma addinin Musulunci ya yadu a cikin shekaru 20 da suka wuce. Har yanzu akwai masu bin addinan gargajiya.

"Musamman akwai Kiristoci masu yawa a gabashin tuddan Gwoza a layin kan iyaka da Kamaru. Amma an fatattakesu. Ba Kirista ko daya a Gwoza, yawancinsu suna Kamaru a sansanonin 'yan gudun hijira. Wasunsu kuma sun koma wasu yankuna da ke wajen Borno."

A cikin makonnin bayan nan rundunar sojin Najeriya ta fara yakar 'yan ta'adda a yankin. Amma a nata bangaren Kamaru ta girke sojojinta a yankin bayan kammala taron yaki da ta'adda a birnin Paris a cikin watan Mayu.

Matsanancin talauci a yanki

Boko Haram ba kawai ta mamaye Gwoza ba ne, matasa a kauyukan da ke yankin da suka karbi addinin Musulunci baya-bayan nan sun shiga cikin kungiyar. Matsananciyar matsalar talauci a yankin na daga cikin dalilan da ke janyo rikici tsakanin Musulmi da Kiristoci a yankin, inji masanin.

"Matsalar ta Boko Haram ta yi mummunan tasiri a kan tarihin zamantakewar yankin. Ko da wata rana Boko Haram ta kyau, to yin sulhu tsakanin Musulmi da Kiristoci a yankin zai yi wahala matuka."

Norbert Cyffer farfesa a fannin al'adu da harsunan Afirka a jami'ar birnin Vienna na kasar Austriya, masanin al'adun Kanuri ne, ya danganta karfin da kungiyar Boko Haram ta yi da sauyin yanayin zamantakewa da aka samu cikin shekaru gommai da suka wuce.

"Farkon zuwa na Maiduguri a shekarar 1969, birnin na da yawan mutane 80000. Amma yau ana maganar mutane miliyan daya da rabi. Wato kenan an samu canje-cane masu yawa."

Yaduwar zazzafan akidojin addini

Kamar Gerhard Müller-Kosack shi ma Norbert Cyffer ya ce yaduwar kaifin ra'ayin Islama musamman a lokutan bayan nan daya ne daga cikin dalilan da suka sa akidoji irin na Boko Haram suka samu gindin zama. Rashin aikin yi da rashin hangen wata kyakkyawar makomar rayuwa musamman a tsakanin matasa na taka rawa wajen yaduwar zazzafan ra'ayin addini.

Wannan halin da ake ciki su ma 'yan kimiyyar musamman daga ketare ba sa zuwa yankin don gudanar da aikinsu na binciken kimiyya, sun dogara da bayanan da suke samu daga takwarorinsu a yankin. Masanan na ganin da wuya yankin ya sake farfadowa a fannin tattali da kuma noma, kamar dai yadda wani rahoton wata kungiyar 'yan kimiyya da ke aikin binciken kimiyya a yankin tafkin Chadi ya nunar.

Mawallafa: Thomas Mösch / Mohammad Nasiru Awal
Edita: Suleiman Babayo